Initial commit

1 files changed, 2146 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/dwm.c b/dwm.c
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/dwm.c
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+/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
+ *
+ * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
+ * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
+ * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
+ * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
+ * allowed to select for this event mask.
+ *
+ * The event handlers of dwm are organized in an array which is accessed
+ * whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows event dispatching
+ * in O(1) time.
+ *
+ * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
+ * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a linked client
+ * list on each monitor, the focus history is remembered through a stack list
+ * on each monitor. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
+ * client.
+ *
+ * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
+ *
+ * To understand everything else, start reading main().
+ */
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
+#include <X11/keysym.h>
+#include <X11/Xatom.h>
+#include <X11/Xlib.h>
+#include <X11/Xproto.h>
+#include <X11/Xutil.h>
+#ifdef XINERAMA
+#include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
+#endif /* XINERAMA */
+
+/* macros */
+#define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
+#define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask) & (ShiftMask|ControlMask|Mod1Mask|Mod2Mask|Mod3Mask|Mod4Mask|Mod5Mask))
+#define INTERSECT(x,y,w,h,m)    (MAX(0, MIN((x)+(w),(m)->wx+(m)->ww) - MAX((x),(m)->wx)) \
+                               * MAX(0, MIN((y)+(h),(m)->wy+(m)->wh) - MAX((y),(m)->wy)))
+#define ISVISIBLE(C)            ((C->tags & C->mon->tagset[C->mon->seltags]))
+#define LENGTH(X)               (sizeof X / sizeof X[0])
+#define MAX(A, B)               ((A) > (B) ? (A) : (B))
+#define MIN(A, B)               ((A) < (B) ? (A) : (B))
+#define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
+#define WIDTH(X)                ((X)->w + 2 * (X)->bw)
+#define HEIGHT(X)               ((X)->h + 2 * (X)->bw)
+#define TAGMASK                 ((1 << LENGTH(tags)) - 1)
+#define TEXTW(X)                (textnw(X, strlen(X)) + dc.font.height)
+
+/* enums */
+enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
+enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
+enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetWMState,
+       NetWMFullscreen, NetActiveWindow, NetWMWindowType,
+       NetWMWindowTypeDialog, NetLast };     /* EWMH atoms */
+enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMState, WMTakeFocus, WMLast }; /* default atoms */
+enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
+       ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast };             /* clicks */
+
+typedef union {
+	int i;
+	unsigned int ui;
+	float f;
+	const void *v;
+} Arg;
+
+typedef struct {
+	unsigned int click;
+	unsigned int mask;
+	unsigned int button;
+	void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
+	const Arg arg;
+} Button;
+
+typedef struct Monitor Monitor;
+typedef struct Client Client;
+struct Client {
+	char name[256];
+	float mina, maxa;
+	int x, y, w, h;
+	int oldx, oldy, oldw, oldh;
+	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
+	int bw, oldbw;
+	unsigned int tags;
+	Bool isfixed, isfloating, isurgent, neverfocus, oldstate, isfullscreen;
+	Client *next;
+	Client *snext;
+	Monitor *mon;
+	Window win;
+};
+
+typedef struct {
+	int x, y, w, h;
+	unsigned long norm[ColLast];
+	unsigned long sel[ColLast];
+	Drawable drawable;
+	GC gc;
+	struct {
+		int ascent;
+		int descent;
+		int height;
+		XFontSet set;
+		XFontStruct *xfont;
+	} font;
+} DC; /* draw context */
+
+typedef struct {
+	unsigned int mod;
+	KeySym keysym;
+	void (*func)(const Arg *);
+	const Arg arg;
+} Key;
+
+typedef struct {
+	const char *symbol;
+	void (*arrange)(Monitor *);
+} Layout;
+
+struct Monitor {
+	char ltsymbol[16];
+	float mfact;
+	int nmaster;
+	int num;
+	int by;               /* bar geometry */
+	int mx, my, mw, mh;   /* screen size */
+	int wx, wy, ww, wh;   /* window area  */
+	unsigned int seltags;
+	unsigned int sellt;
+	unsigned int tagset[2];
+	Bool showbar;
+	Bool topbar;
+	Client *clients;
+	Client *sel;
+	Client *stack;
+	Monitor *next;
+	Window barwin;
+	const Layout *lt[2];
+};
+
+typedef struct {
+	const char *class;
+	const char *instance;
+	const char *title;
+	unsigned int tags;
+	Bool isfloating;
+	int monitor;
+} Rule;
+
+/* function declarations */
+static void applyrules(Client *c);
+static Bool applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, Bool interact);
+static void arrange(Monitor *m);
+static void arrangemon(Monitor *m);
+static void attach(Client *c);
+static void attachstack(Client *c);
+static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
+static void checkotherwm(void);
+static void cleanup(void);
+static void cleanupmon(Monitor *mon);
+static void clearurgent(Client *c);
+static void clientmessage(XEvent *e);
+static void configure(Client *c);
+static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
+static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
+static Monitor *createmon(void);
+static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
+static void detach(Client *c);
+static void detachstack(Client *c);
+static void die(const char *errstr, ...);
+static Monitor *dirtomon(int dir);
+static void drawbar(Monitor *m);
+static void drawbars(void);
+static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
+static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
+static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
+static void expose(XEvent *e);
+static void focus(Client *c);
+static void focusin(XEvent *e);
+static void focusmon(const Arg *arg);
+static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
+static unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
+static Bool getrootptr(int *x, int *y);
+static long getstate(Window w);
+static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
+static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
+static void grabkeys(void);
+static void incnmaster(const Arg *arg);
+static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
+static void keypress(XEvent *e);
+static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
+static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
+static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
+static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
+static void monocle(Monitor *m);
+static void motionnotify(XEvent *e);
+static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
+static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
+static void pop(Client *);
+static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
+static void quit(const Arg *arg);
+static Monitor *recttomon(int x, int y, int w, int h);
+static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool interact);
+static void resizeclient(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h);
+static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
+static void restack(Monitor *m);
+static void run(void);
+static void scan(void);
+static Bool sendevent(Client *c, Atom proto);
+static void sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m);
+static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
+static void setfocus(Client *c);
+static void setfullscreen(Client *c, Bool fullscreen);
+static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
+static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
+static void setup(void);
+static void showhide(Client *c);
+static void sigchld(int unused);
+static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
+static void tag(const Arg *arg);
+static void tagmon(const Arg *arg);
+static int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
+static void tile(Monitor *);
+static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
+static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
+static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
+static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
+static void unfocus(Client *c, Bool setfocus);
+static void unmanage(Client *c, Bool destroyed);
+static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
+static Bool updategeom(void);
+static void updatebarpos(Monitor *m);
+static void updatebars(void);
+static void updatenumlockmask(void);
+static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
+static void updatestatus(void);
+static void updatewindowtype(Client *c);
+static void updatetitle(Client *c);
+static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
+static void view(const Arg *arg);
+static Client *wintoclient(Window w);
+static Monitor *wintomon(Window w);
+static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
+static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
+static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
+static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
+
+/* variables */
+static const char broken[] = "broken";
+static char stext[256];
+static int screen;
+static int sw, sh;           /* X display screen geometry width, height */
+static int bh, blw = 0;      /* bar geometry */
+static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
+static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
+static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
+	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
+	[ClientMessage] = clientmessage,
+	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
+	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
+	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
+	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
+	[Expose] = expose,
+	[FocusIn] = focusin,
+	[KeyPress] = keypress,
+	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
+	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
+	[MotionNotify] = motionnotify,
+	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
+	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
+};
+static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
+static Bool running = True;
+static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
+static Display *dpy;
+static DC dc;
+static Monitor *mons = NULL, *selmon = NULL;
+static Window root;
+
+/* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
+#include "config.h"
+
+/* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
+struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[LENGTH(tags) > 31 ? -1 : 1]; };
+
+/* function implementations */
+void
+applyrules(Client *c) {
+	const char *class, *instance;
+	unsigned int i;
+	const Rule *r;
+	Monitor *m;
+	XClassHint ch = { NULL, NULL };
+
+	/* rule matching */
+	c->isfloating = c->tags = 0;
+	XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
+	class    = ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : broken;
+	instance = ch.res_name  ? ch.res_name  : broken;
+
+	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
+		r = &rules[i];
+		if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
+		&& (!r->class || strstr(class, r->class))
+		&& (!r->instance || strstr(instance, r->instance)))
+		{
+			c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
+			c->tags |= r->tags;
+			for(m = mons; m && m->num != r->monitor; m = m->next);
+			if(m)
+				c->mon = m;
+		}
+	}
+	if(ch.res_class)
+		XFree(ch.res_class);
+	if(ch.res_name)
+		XFree(ch.res_name);
+	c->tags = c->tags & TAGMASK ? c->tags & TAGMASK : c->mon->tagset[c->mon->seltags];
+}
+
+Bool
+applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, Bool interact) {
+	Bool baseismin;
+	Monitor *m = c->mon;
+
+	/* set minimum possible */
+	*w = MAX(1, *w);
+	*h = MAX(1, *h);
+	if(interact) {
+		if(*x > sw)
+			*x = sw - WIDTH(c);
+		if(*y > sh)
+			*y = sh - HEIGHT(c);
+		if(*x + *w + 2 * c->bw < 0)
+			*x = 0;
+		if(*y + *h + 2 * c->bw < 0)
+			*y = 0;
+	}
+	else {
+		if(*x >= m->wx + m->ww)
+			*x = m->wx + m->ww - WIDTH(c);
+		if(*y >= m->wy + m->wh)
+			*y = m->wy + m->wh - HEIGHT(c);
+		if(*x + *w + 2 * c->bw <= m->wx)
+			*x = m->wx;
+		if(*y + *h + 2 * c->bw <= m->wy)
+			*y = m->wy;
+	}
+	if(*h < bh)
+		*h = bh;
+	if(*w < bh)
+		*w = bh;
+	if(resizehints || c->isfloating || !c->mon->lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange) {
+		/* see last two sentences in ICCCM 4.1.2.3 */
+		baseismin = c->basew == c->minw && c->baseh == c->minh;
+		if(!baseismin) { /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
+			*w -= c->basew;
+			*h -= c->baseh;
+		}
+		/* adjust for aspect limits */
+		if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
+			if(c->maxa < (float)*w / *h)
+				*w = *h * c->maxa + 0.5;
+			else if(c->mina < (float)*h / *w)
+				*h = *w * c->mina + 0.5;
+		}
+		if(baseismin) { /* increment calculation requires this */
+			*w -= c->basew;
+			*h -= c->baseh;
+		}
+		/* adjust for increment value */
+		if(c->incw)
+			*w -= *w % c->incw;
+		if(c->inch)
+			*h -= *h % c->inch;
+		/* restore base dimensions */
+		*w = MAX(*w + c->basew, c->minw);
+		*h = MAX(*h + c->baseh, c->minh);
+		if(c->maxw)
+			*w = MIN(*w, c->maxw);
+		if(c->maxh)
+			*h = MIN(*h, c->maxh);
+	}
+	return *x != c->x || *y != c->y || *w != c->w || *h != c->h;
+}
+
+void
+arrange(Monitor *m) {
+	if(m)
+		showhide(m->stack);
+	else for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
+		showhide(m->stack);
+	if(m)
+		arrangemon(m);
+	else for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
+		arrangemon(m);
+}
+
+void
+arrangemon(Monitor *m) {
+	strncpy(m->ltsymbol, m->lt[m->sellt]->symbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol);
+	if(m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
+		m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange(m);
+	restack(m);
+}
+
+void
+attach(Client *c) {
+	c->next = c->mon->clients;
+	c->mon->clients = c;
+}
+
+void
+attachstack(Client *c) {
+	c->snext = c->mon->stack;
+	c->mon->stack = c;
+}
+
+void
+buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
+	unsigned int i, x, click;
+	Arg arg = {0};
+	Client *c;
+	Monitor *m;
+	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
+
+	click = ClkRootWin;
+	/* focus monitor if necessary */
+	if((m = wintomon(ev->window)) && m != selmon) {
+		unfocus(selmon->sel, True);
+		selmon = m;
+		focus(NULL);
+	}
+	if(ev->window == selmon->barwin) {
+		i = x = 0;
+		do
+			x += TEXTW(tags[i]);
+		while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
+		if(i < LENGTH(tags)) {
+			click = ClkTagBar;
+			arg.ui = 1 << i;
+		}
+		else if(ev->x < x + blw)
+			click = ClkLtSymbol;
+		else if(ev->x > selmon->ww - TEXTW(stext))
+			click = ClkStatusText;
+		else
+			click = ClkWinTitle;
+	}
+	else if((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
+		focus(c);
+		click = ClkClientWin;
+	}
+	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
+		if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
+		&& CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
+			buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar && buttons[i].arg.i == 0 ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
+}
+
+void
+checkotherwm(void) {
+	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
+	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
+	XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
+	XSync(dpy, False);
+	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
+	XSync(dpy, False);
+}
+
+void
+cleanup(void) {
+	Arg a = {.ui = ~0};
+	Layout foo = { "", NULL };
+	Monitor *m;
+
+	view(&a);
+	selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = &foo;
+	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
+		while(m->stack)
+			unmanage(m->stack, False);
+	if(dc.font.set)
+		XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
+	else
+		XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
+	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
+	XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
+	XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
+	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
+	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
+	XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
+	while(mons)
+		cleanupmon(mons);
+	XSync(dpy, False);
+	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
+}
+
+void
+cleanupmon(Monitor *mon) {
+	Monitor *m;
+
+	if(mon == mons)
+		mons = mons->next;
+	else {
+		for(m = mons; m && m->next != mon; m = m->next);
+		m->next = mon->next;
+	}
+	XUnmapWindow(dpy, mon->barwin);
+	XDestroyWindow(dpy, mon->barwin);
+	free(mon);
+}
+
+void
+clearurgent(Client *c) {
+	XWMHints *wmh;
+
+	c->isurgent = False;
+	if(!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
+		return;
+	wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
+	XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
+	XFree(wmh);
+}
+
+void
+clientmessage(XEvent *e) {
+	XClientMessageEvent *cme = &e->xclient;
+	Client *c = wintoclient(cme->window);
+
+	if(!c)
+		return;
+	if(cme->message_type == netatom[NetWMState]) {
+		if(cme->data.l[1] == netatom[NetWMFullscreen] || cme->data.l[2] == netatom[NetWMFullscreen])
+			setfullscreen(c, (cme->data.l[0] == 1 /* _NET_WM_STATE_ADD    */
+			              || (cme->data.l[0] == 2 /* _NET_WM_STATE_TOGGLE */ && !c->isfullscreen)));
+	}
+	else if(cme->message_type == netatom[NetActiveWindow]) {
+		if(!ISVISIBLE(c)) {
+			c->mon->seltags ^= 1;
+			c->mon->tagset[c->mon->seltags] = c->tags;
+		}
+		pop(c);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+configure(Client *c) {
+	XConfigureEvent ce;
+
+	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
+	ce.display = dpy;
+	ce.event = c->win;
+	ce.window = c->win;
+	ce.x = c->x;
+	ce.y = c->y;
+	ce.width = c->w;
+	ce.height = c->h;
+	ce.border_width = c->bw;
+	ce.above = None;
+	ce.override_redirect = False;
+	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
+}
+
+void
+configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
+	Monitor *m;
+	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
+	Bool dirty;
+
+	if(ev->window == root) {
+		dirty = (sw != ev->width);
+		sw = ev->width;
+		sh = ev->height;
+		if(updategeom() || dirty) {
+			if(dc.drawable != 0)
+				XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
+			dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
+			updatebars();
+			for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
+				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, m->barwin, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh);
+			focus(NULL);
+			arrange(NULL);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void
+configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
+	Client *c;
+	Monitor *m;
+	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
+	XWindowChanges wc;
+
+	if((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
+		if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
+			c->bw = ev->border_width;
+		else if(c->isfloating || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange) {
+			m = c->mon;
+			if(ev->value_mask & CWX) {
+				c->oldx = c->x;
+				c->x = m->mx + ev->x;
+			}
+			if(ev->value_mask & CWY) {
+				c->oldy = c->y;
+				c->y = m->my + ev->y;
+			}
+			if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth) {
+				c->oldw = c->w;
+				c->w = ev->width;
+			}
+			if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight) {
+				c->oldh = c->h;
+				c->h = ev->height;
+			}
+			if((c->x + c->w) > m->mx + m->mw && c->isfloating)
+				c->x = m->mx + (m->mw / 2 - WIDTH(c) / 2); /* center in x direction */
+			if((c->y + c->h) > m->my + m->mh && c->isfloating)
+				c->y = m->my + (m->mh / 2 - HEIGHT(c) / 2); /* center in y direction */
+			if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
+				configure(c);
+			if(ISVISIBLE(c))
+				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
+		}
+		else
+			configure(c);
+	}
+	else {
+		wc.x = ev->x;
+		wc.y = ev->y;
+		wc.width = ev->width;
+		wc.height = ev->height;
+		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
+		wc.sibling = ev->above;
+		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
+		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
+	}
+	XSync(dpy, False);
+}
+
+Monitor *
+createmon(void) {
+	Monitor *m;
+
+	if(!(m = (Monitor *)calloc(1, sizeof(Monitor))))
+		die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Monitor));
+	m->tagset[0] = m->tagset[1] = 1;
+	m->mfact = mfact;
+	m->nmaster = nmaster;
+	m->showbar = showbar;
+	m->topbar = topbar;
+	m->lt[0] = &layouts[0];
+	m->lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
+	strncpy(m->ltsymbol, layouts[0].symbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol);
+	return m;
+}
+
+void
+destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
+	Client *c;
+	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
+
+	if((c = wintoclient(ev->window)))
+		unmanage(c, True);
+}
+
+void
+detach(Client *c) {
+	Client **tc;
+
+	for(tc = &c->mon->clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
+	*tc = c->next;
+}
+
+void
+detachstack(Client *c) {
+	Client **tc, *t;
+
+	for(tc = &c->mon->stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
+	*tc = c->snext;
+
+	if(c == c->mon->sel) {
+		for(t = c->mon->stack; t && !ISVISIBLE(t); t = t->snext);
+		c->mon->sel = t;
+	}
+}
+
+void
+die(const char *errstr, ...) {
+	va_list ap;
+
+	va_start(ap, errstr);
+	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+Monitor *
+dirtomon(int dir) {
+	Monitor *m = NULL;
+
+	if(dir > 0) {
+		if(!(m = selmon->next))
+			m = mons;
+	}
+	else if(selmon == mons)
+		for(m = mons; m->next; m = m->next);
+	else
+		for(m = mons; m->next != selmon; m = m->next);
+	return m;
+}
+
+void
+drawbar(Monitor *m) {
+	int x;
+	unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
+	unsigned long *col;
+	Client *c;
+
+	for(c = m->clients; c; c = c->next) {
+		occ |= c->tags;
+		if(c->isurgent)
+			urg |= c->tags;
+	}
+	dc.x = 0;
+	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
+		dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
+		col = m->tagset[m->seltags] & 1 << i ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
+		drawtext(tags[i], col, urg & 1 << i);
+		drawsquare(m == selmon && selmon->sel && selmon->sel->tags & 1 << i,
+		           occ & 1 << i, urg & 1 << i, col);
+		dc.x += dc.w;
+	}
+	dc.w = blw = TEXTW(m->ltsymbol);
+	drawtext(m->ltsymbol, dc.norm, False);
+	dc.x += dc.w;
+	x = dc.x;
+	if(m == selmon) { /* status is only drawn on selected monitor */
+		dc.w = TEXTW(stext);
+		dc.x = m->ww - dc.w;
+		if(dc.x < x) {
+			dc.x = x;
+			dc.w = m->ww - x;
+		}
+		drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
+	}
+	else
+		dc.x = m->ww;
+	if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
+		dc.x = x;
+		if(m->sel) {
+			col = m == selmon ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
+			drawtext(m->sel->name, col, False);
+			drawsquare(m->sel->isfixed, m->sel->isfloating, False, col);
+		}
+		else
+			drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
+	}
+	XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, m->barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, m->ww, bh, 0, 0);
+	XSync(dpy, False);
+}
+
+void
+drawbars(void) {
+	Monitor *m;
+
+	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
+		drawbar(m);
+}
+
+void
+drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
+	int x;
+
+	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
+	x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
+	if(filled)
+		XFillRectangle(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, dc.x+1, dc.y+1, x+1, x+1);
+	else if(empty)
+		XDrawRectangle(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, dc.x+1, dc.y+1, x, x);
+}
+
+void
+drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
+	char buf[256];
+	int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
+
+	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
+	XFillRectangle(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h);
+	if(!text)
+		return;
+	olen = strlen(text);
+	h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
+	y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
+	x = dc.x + (h / 2);
+	/* shorten text if necessary */
+	for(len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf); len && textnw(text, len) > dc.w - h; len--);
+	if(!len)
+		return;
+	memcpy(buf, text, len);
+	if(len < olen)
+		for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
+	XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
+	if(dc.font.set)
+		XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
+	else
+		XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
+}
+
+void
+enternotify(XEvent *e) {
+	Client *c;
+	Monitor *m;
+	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
+
+	if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
+		return;
+	c = wintoclient(ev->window);
+	m = c ? c->mon : wintomon(ev->window);
+	if(m != selmon) {
+		unfocus(selmon->sel, True);
+		selmon = m;
+	}
+	else if(!c || c == selmon->sel)
+		return;
+	focus(c);
+}
+
+void
+expose(XEvent *e) {
+	Monitor *m;
+	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
+
+	if(ev->count == 0 && (m = wintomon(ev->window)))
+		drawbar(m);
+}
+
+void
+focus(Client *c) {
+	if(!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
+		for(c = selmon->stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
+	/* was if(selmon->sel) */
+	if(selmon->sel && selmon->sel != c)
+		unfocus(selmon->sel, False);
+	if(c) {
+		if(c->mon != selmon)
+			selmon = c->mon;
+		if(c->isurgent)
+			clearurgent(c);
+		detachstack(c);
+		attachstack(c);
+		grabbuttons(c, True);
+		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
+		setfocus(c);
+	}
+	else
+		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
+	selmon->sel = c;
+	drawbars();
+}
+
+void
+focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
+	XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
+
+	if(selmon->sel && ev->window != selmon->sel->win)
+		setfocus(selmon->sel);
+}
+
+void
+focusmon(const Arg *arg) {
+	Monitor *m;
+
+	if(!mons->next)
+		return;
+	if((m = dirtomon(arg->i)) == selmon)
+		return;
+	unfocus(selmon->sel, True);
+	selmon = m;
+	focus(NULL);
+}
+
+void
+focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
+	Client *c = NULL, *i;
+
+	if(!selmon->sel)
+		return;
+	if(arg->i > 0) {
+		for(c = selmon->sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
+		if(!c)
+			for(c = selmon->clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
+	}
+	else {
+		for(i = selmon->clients; i != selmon->sel; i = i->next)
+			if(ISVISIBLE(i))
+				c = i;
+		if(!c)
+			for(; i; i = i->next)
+				if(ISVISIBLE(i))
+					c = i;
+	}
+	if(c) {
+		focus(c);
+		restack(selmon);
+	}
+}
+
+Atom
+getatomprop(Client *c, Atom prop) {
+	int di;
+	unsigned long dl;
+	unsigned char *p = NULL;
+	Atom da, atom = None;
+
+	if(XGetWindowProperty(dpy, c->win, prop, 0L, sizeof atom, False, XA_ATOM,
+	                      &da, &di, &dl, &dl, &p) == Success && p) {
+		atom = *(Atom *)p;
+		XFree(p);
+	}
+	return atom;
+}
+
+unsigned long
+getcolor(const char *colstr) {
+	Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
+	XColor color;
+
+	if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
+		die("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
+	return color.pixel;
+}
+
+Bool
+getrootptr(int *x, int *y) {
+	int di;
+	unsigned int dui;
+	Window dummy;
+
+	return XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, x, y, &di, &di, &dui);
+}
+
+long
+getstate(Window w) {
+	int format;
+	long result = -1;
+	unsigned char *p = NULL;
+	unsigned long n, extra;
+	Atom real;
+
+	if(XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
+	                      &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p) != Success)
+		return -1;
+	if(n != 0)
+		result = *p;
+	XFree(p);
+	return result;
+}
+
+Bool
+gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
+	char **list = NULL;
+	int n;
+	XTextProperty name;
+
+	if(!text || size == 0)
+		return False;
+	text[0] = '\0';
+	XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
+	if(!name.nitems)
+		return False;
+	if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
+		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
+	else {
+		if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success && n > 0 && *list) {
+			strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
+			XFreeStringList(list);
+		}
+	}
+	text[size - 1] = '\0';
+	XFree(name.value);
+	return True;
+}
+
+void
+grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
+	updatenumlockmask();
+	{
+		unsigned int i, j;
+		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
+		XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
+		if(focused) {
+			for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
+				if(buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
+					for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
+						XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button,
+						            buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j],
+						            c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
+						            GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
+		}
+		else
+			XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
+			            BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+grabkeys(void) {
+	updatenumlockmask();
+	{
+		unsigned int i, j;
+		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
+		KeyCode code;
+
+		XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
+		for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
+			if((code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym)))
+				for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
+					XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | modifiers[j], root,
+						 True, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+incnmaster(const Arg *arg) {
+	selmon->nmaster = MAX(selmon->nmaster + arg->i, 0);
+	arrange(selmon);
+}
+
+void
+initfont(const char *fontstr) {
+	char *def, **missing;
+	int n;
+
+	dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
+	if(missing) {
+		while(n--)
+			fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
+		XFreeStringList(missing);
+	}
+	if(dc.font.set) {
+		XFontStruct **xfonts;
+		char **font_names;
+
+		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
+		XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
+		n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
+		while(n--) {
+			dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
+			dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
+			xfonts++;
+		}
+	}
+	else {
+		if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
+		&& !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
+			die("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
+		dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
+		dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
+	}
+	dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
+}
+
+#ifdef XINERAMA
+static Bool
+isuniquegeom(XineramaScreenInfo *unique, size_t n, XineramaScreenInfo *info) {
+	while(n--)
+		if(unique[n].x_org == info->x_org && unique[n].y_org == info->y_org
+		&& unique[n].width == info->width && unique[n].height == info->height)
+			return False;
+	return True;
+}
+#endif /* XINERAMA */
+
+void
+keypress(XEvent *e) {
+	unsigned int i;
+	KeySym keysym;
+	XKeyEvent *ev;
+
+	ev = &e->xkey;
+	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
+	for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
+		if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
+		&& CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
+		&& keys[i].func)
+			keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
+}
+
+void
+killclient(const Arg *arg) {
+	if(!selmon->sel)
+		return;
+	if(!sendevent(selmon->sel, wmatom[WMDelete])) {
+		XGrabServer(dpy);
+		XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
+		XSetCloseDownMode(dpy, DestroyAll);
+		XKillClient(dpy, selmon->sel->win);
+		XSync(dpy, False);
+		XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
+		XUngrabServer(dpy);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
+	Client *c, *t = NULL;
+	Window trans = None;
+	XWindowChanges wc;
+
+	if(!(c = calloc(1, sizeof(Client))))
+		die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
+	c->win = w;
+	updatetitle(c);
+	if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) && (t = wintoclient(trans))) {
+		c->mon = t->mon;
+		c->tags = t->tags;
+	}
+	else {
+		c->mon = selmon;
+		applyrules(c);
+	}
+	/* geometry */
+	c->x = c->oldx = wa->x;
+	c->y = c->oldy = wa->y;
+	c->w = c->oldw = wa->width;
+	c->h = c->oldh = wa->height;
+	c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
+
+	if(c->x + WIDTH(c) > c->mon->mx + c->mon->mw)
+		c->x = c->mon->mx + c->mon->mw - WIDTH(c);
+	if(c->y + HEIGHT(c) > c->mon->my + c->mon->mh)
+		c->y = c->mon->my + c->mon->mh - HEIGHT(c);
+	c->x = MAX(c->x, c->mon->mx);
+	/* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
+	c->y = MAX(c->y, ((c->mon->by == c->mon->my) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= c->mon->wx)
+	           && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < c->mon->wx + c->mon->ww)) ? bh : c->mon->my);
+	c->bw = borderpx;
+
+	wc.border_width = c->bw;
+	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
+	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
+	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
+	updatewindowtype(c);
+	updatesizehints(c);
+	updatewmhints(c);
+	XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
+	grabbuttons(c, False);
+	if(!c->isfloating)
+		c->isfloating = c->oldstate = trans != None || c->isfixed;
+	if(c->isfloating)
+		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
+	attach(c);
+	attachstack(c);
+	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
+	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
+	if (c->mon == selmon)
+		unfocus(selmon->sel, False);
+	c->mon->sel = c;
+	arrange(c->mon);
+	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
+	focus(NULL);
+}
+
+void
+mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
+	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
+
+	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
+	if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
+		grabkeys();
+}
+
+void
+maprequest(XEvent *e) {
+	static XWindowAttributes wa;
+	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
+
+	if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
+		return;
+	if(wa.override_redirect)
+		return;
+	if(!wintoclient(ev->window))
+		manage(ev->window, &wa);
+}
+
+void
+monocle(Monitor *m) {
+	unsigned int n = 0;
+	Client *c;
+
+	for(c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
+		if(ISVISIBLE(c))
+			n++;
+	if(n > 0) /* override layout symbol */
+		snprintf(m->ltsymbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol, "[%d]", n);
+	for(c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
+		resize(c, m->wx, m->wy, m->ww - 2 * c->bw, m->wh - 2 * c->bw, False);
+}
+
+void
+motionnotify(XEvent *e) {
+	static Monitor *mon = NULL;
+	Monitor *m;
+	XMotionEvent *ev = &e->xmotion;
+
+	if(ev->window != root)
+		return;
+	if((m = recttomon(ev->x_root, ev->y_root, 1, 1)) != mon && mon) {
+		selmon = m;
+		focus(NULL);
+	}
+	mon = m;
+}
+
+void
+movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
+	int x, y, ocx, ocy, nx, ny;
+	Client *c;
+	Monitor *m;
+	XEvent ev;
+
+	if(!(c = selmon->sel))
+		return;
+	restack(selmon);
+	ocx = c->x;
+	ocy = c->y;
+	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
+	None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
+		return;
+	if(!getrootptr(&x, &y))
+		return;
+	do {
+		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
+		switch(ev.type) {
+		case ConfigureRequest:
+		case Expose:
+		case MapRequest:
+			handler[ev.type](&ev);
+			break;
+		case MotionNotify:
+			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
+			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
+			if(nx >= selmon->wx && nx <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
+			&& ny >= selmon->wy && ny <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh) {
+				if(abs(selmon->wx - nx) < snap)
+					nx = selmon->wx;
+				else if(abs((selmon->wx + selmon->ww) - (nx + WIDTH(c))) < snap)
+					nx = selmon->wx + selmon->ww - WIDTH(c);
+				if(abs(selmon->wy - ny) < snap)
+					ny = selmon->wy;
+				else if(abs((selmon->wy + selmon->wh) - (ny + HEIGHT(c))) < snap)
+					ny = selmon->wy + selmon->wh - HEIGHT(c);
+				if(!c->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
+				&& (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
+					togglefloating(NULL);
+			}
+			if(!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
+				resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, True);
+			break;
+		}
+	} while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
+	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
+	if((m = recttomon(c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h)) != selmon) {
+		sendmon(c, m);
+		selmon = m;
+		focus(NULL);
+	}
+}
+
+Client *
+nexttiled(Client *c) {
+	for(; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
+	return c;
+}
+
+void
+pop(Client *c) {
+	detach(c);
+	attach(c);
+	focus(c);
+	arrange(c->mon);
+}
+
+void
+propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
+	Client *c;
+	Window trans;
+	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
+
+	if((ev->window == root) && (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME))
+		updatestatus();
+	else if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
+		return; /* ignore */
+	else if((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
+		switch(ev->atom) {
+		default: break;
+		case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
+			if(!c->isfloating && (XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans)) &&
+			   (c->isfloating = (wintoclient(trans)) != NULL))
+				arrange(c->mon);
+			break;
+		case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
+			updatesizehints(c);
+			break;
+		case XA_WM_HINTS:
+			updatewmhints(c);
+			drawbars();
+			break;
+		}
+		if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
+			updatetitle(c);
+			if(c == c->mon->sel)
+				drawbar(c->mon);
+		}
+		if(ev->atom == netatom[NetWMWindowType])
+			updatewindowtype(c);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+quit(const Arg *arg) {
+	running = False;
+}
+
+Monitor *
+recttomon(int x, int y, int w, int h) {
+	Monitor *m, *r = selmon;
+	int a, area = 0;
+
+	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
+		if((a = INTERSECT(x, y, w, h, m)) > area) {
+			area = a;
+			r = m;
+		}
+	return r;
+}
+
+void
+resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool interact) {
+	if(applysizehints(c, &x, &y, &w, &h, interact))
+		resizeclient(c, x, y, w, h);
+}
+
+void
+resizeclient(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h) {
+	XWindowChanges wc;
+
+	c->oldx = c->x; c->x = wc.x = x;
+	c->oldy = c->y; c->y = wc.y = y;
+	c->oldw = c->w; c->w = wc.width = w;
+	c->oldh = c->h; c->h = wc.height = h;
+	wc.border_width = c->bw;
+	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
+	configure(c);
+	XSync(dpy, False);
+}
+
+void
+resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
+	int ocx, ocy;
+	int nw, nh;
+	Client *c;
+	Monitor *m;
+	XEvent ev;
+
+	if(!(c = selmon->sel))
+		return;
+	restack(selmon);
+	ocx = c->x;
+	ocy = c->y;
+	if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
+	                None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
+		return;
+	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
+	do {
+		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
+		switch(ev.type) {
+		case ConfigureRequest:
+		case Expose:
+		case MapRequest:
+			handler[ev.type](&ev);
+			break;
+		case MotionNotify:
+			nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
+			nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
+			if(c->mon->wx + nw >= selmon->wx && c->mon->wx + nw <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
+			&& c->mon->wy + nh >= selmon->wy && c->mon->wy + nh <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh)
+			{
+				if(!c->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
+				&& (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
+					togglefloating(NULL);
+			}
+			if(!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
+				resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
+			break;
+		}
+	} while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
+	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
+	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
+	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
+	if((m = recttomon(c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h)) != selmon) {
+		sendmon(c, m);
+		selmon = m;
+		focus(NULL);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+restack(Monitor *m) {
+	Client *c;
+	XEvent ev;
+	XWindowChanges wc;
+
+	drawbar(m);
+	if(!m->sel)
+		return;
+	if(m->sel->isfloating || !m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
+		XRaiseWindow(dpy, m->sel->win);
+	if(m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange) {
+		wc.stack_mode = Below;
+		wc.sibling = m->barwin;
+		for(c = m->stack; c; c = c->snext)
+			if(!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
+				XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
+				wc.sibling = c->win;
+			}
+	}
+	XSync(dpy, False);
+	while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
+}
+
+void
+run(void) {
+	XEvent ev;
+	/* main event loop */
+	XSync(dpy, False);
+	while(running && !XNextEvent(dpy, &ev))
+		if(handler[ev.type])
+			handler[ev.type](&ev); /* call handler */
+}
+
+void
+scan(void) {
+	unsigned int i, num;
+	Window d1, d2, *wins = NULL;
+	XWindowAttributes wa;
+
+	if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
+		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
+			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
+			|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
+				continue;
+			if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
+				manage(wins[i], &wa);
+		}
+		for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
+			if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
+				continue;
+			if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
+			&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
+				manage(wins[i], &wa);
+		}
+		if(wins)
+			XFree(wins);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m) {
+	if(c->mon == m)
+		return;
+	unfocus(c, True);
+	detach(c);
+	detachstack(c);
+	c->mon = m;
+	c->tags = m->tagset[m->seltags]; /* assign tags of target monitor */
+	attach(c);
+	attachstack(c);
+	focus(NULL);
+	arrange(NULL);
+}
+
+void
+setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
+	long data[] = { state, None };
+
+	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
+			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
+}
+
+Bool
+sendevent(Client *c, Atom proto) {
+	int n;
+	Atom *protocols;
+	Bool exists = False;
+	XEvent ev;
+
+	if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
+		while(!exists && n--)
+			exists = protocols[n] == proto;
+		XFree(protocols);
+	}
+	if(exists) {
+		ev.type = ClientMessage;
+		ev.xclient.window = c->win;
+		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
+		ev.xclient.format = 32;
+		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = proto;
+		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
+		XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
+	}
+	return exists;
+}
+
+void
+setfocus(Client *c) {
+	if(!c->neverfocus)
+		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
+	sendevent(c, wmatom[WMTakeFocus]);
+}
+
+void
+setfullscreen(Client *c, Bool fullscreen) {
+	if(fullscreen) {
+		XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, netatom[NetWMState], XA_ATOM, 32,
+		                PropModeReplace, (unsigned char*)&netatom[NetWMFullscreen], 1);
+		c->isfullscreen = True;
+		c->oldstate = c->isfloating;
+		c->oldbw = c->bw;
+		c->bw = 0;
+		c->isfloating = True;
+		resizeclient(c, c->mon->mx, c->mon->my, c->mon->mw, c->mon->mh);
+		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
+	}
+	else {
+		XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, netatom[NetWMState], XA_ATOM, 32,
+		                PropModeReplace, (unsigned char*)0, 0);
+		c->isfullscreen = False;
+		c->isfloating = c->oldstate;
+		c->bw = c->oldbw;
+		c->x = c->oldx;
+		c->y = c->oldy;
+		c->w = c->oldw;
+		c->h = c->oldh;
+		resizeclient(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
+		arrange(c->mon);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
+	if(!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != selmon->lt[selmon->sellt])
+		selmon->sellt ^= 1;
+	if(arg && arg->v)
+		selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
+	strncpy(selmon->ltsymbol, selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->symbol, sizeof selmon->ltsymbol);
+	if(selmon->sel)
+		arrange(selmon);
+	else
+		drawbar(selmon);
+}
+
+/* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
+void
+setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
+	float f;
+
+	if(!arg || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange)
+		return;
+	f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + selmon->mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
+	if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
+		return;
+	selmon->mfact = f;
+	arrange(selmon);
+}
+
+void
+setup(void) {
+	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
+
+	/* clean up any zombies immediately */
+	sigchld(0);
+
+	/* init screen */
+	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
+	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
+	initfont(font);
+	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
+	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
+	bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
+	updategeom();
+	/* init atoms */
+	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
+	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
+	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
+	wmatom[WMTakeFocus] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_TAKE_FOCUS", False);
+	netatom[NetActiveWindow] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW", False);
+	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
+	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
+	netatom[NetWMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_STATE", False);
+	netatom[NetWMFullscreen] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN", False);
+	netatom[NetWMWindowType] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE", False);
+	netatom[NetWMWindowTypeDialog] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG", False);
+	/* init cursors */
+	cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
+	cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
+	cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
+	/* init appearance */
+	dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
+	dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
+	dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
+	dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
+	dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
+	dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
+	dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
+	dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, NULL);
+	XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
+	if(!dc.font.set)
+		XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
+	/* init bars */
+	updatebars();
+	updatestatus();
+	/* EWMH support per view */
+	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
+			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
+	/* select for events */
+	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
+	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask|PointerMotionMask
+	                |EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask|PropertyChangeMask;
+	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
+	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
+	grabkeys();
+}
+
+void
+showhide(Client *c) {
+	if(!c)
+		return;
+	if(ISVISIBLE(c)) { /* show clients top down */
+		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
+		if((!c->mon->lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating) && !c->isfullscreen)
+			resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, False);
+		showhide(c->snext);
+	}
+	else { /* hide clients bottom up */
+		showhide(c->snext);
+		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, WIDTH(c) * -2, c->y);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+sigchld(int unused) {
+	if(signal(SIGCHLD, sigchld) == SIG_ERR)
+		die("Can't install SIGCHLD handler");
+	while(0 < waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG));
+}
+
+void
+spawn(const Arg *arg) {
+	if(fork() == 0) {
+		if(dpy)
+			close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
+		setsid();
+		execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
+		fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
+		perror(" failed");
+		exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+tag(const Arg *arg) {
+	if(selmon->sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
+		selmon->sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
+		focus(NULL);
+		arrange(selmon);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+tagmon(const Arg *arg) {
+	if(!selmon->sel || !mons->next)
+		return;
+	sendmon(selmon->sel, dirtomon(arg->i));
+}
+
+int
+textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
+	XRectangle r;
+
+	if(dc.font.set) {
+		XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
+		return r.width;
+	}
+	return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
+}
+
+void
+tile(Monitor *m) {
+	unsigned int i, n, h, mw, my, ty;
+	Client *c;
+
+	for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
+	if(n == 0)
+		return;
+
+	if(n > m->nmaster)
+		mw = m->nmaster ? m->ww * m->mfact : 0;
+	else
+		mw = m->ww;
+	for(i = my = ty = 0, c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++)
+		if(i < m->nmaster) {
+			h = (m->wh - my) / (MIN(n, m->nmaster) - i);
+			resize(c, m->wx, m->wy + my, mw - (2*c->bw), h - (2*c->bw), False);
+			my += HEIGHT(c);
+		}
+		else {
+			h = (m->wh - ty) / (n - i);
+			resize(c, m->wx + mw, m->wy + ty, m->ww - mw - (2*c->bw), h - (2*c->bw), False);
+			ty += HEIGHT(c);
+		}
+}
+
+void
+togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
+	selmon->showbar = !selmon->showbar;
+	updatebarpos(selmon);
+	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, selmon->barwin, selmon->wx, selmon->by, selmon->ww, bh);
+	arrange(selmon);
+}
+
+void
+togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
+	if(!selmon->sel)
+		return;
+	selmon->sel->isfloating = !selmon->sel->isfloating || selmon->sel->isfixed;
+	if(selmon->sel->isfloating)
+		resize(selmon->sel, selmon->sel->x, selmon->sel->y,
+		       selmon->sel->w, selmon->sel->h, False);
+	arrange(selmon);
+}
+
+void
+toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
+	unsigned int newtags;
+
+	if(!selmon->sel)
+		return;
+	newtags = selmon->sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
+	if(newtags) {
+		selmon->sel->tags = newtags;
+		focus(NULL);
+		arrange(selmon);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
+	unsigned int newtagset = selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
+
+	if(newtagset) {
+		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = newtagset;
+		focus(NULL);
+		arrange(selmon);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+unfocus(Client *c, Bool setfocus) {
+	if(!c)
+		return;
+	grabbuttons(c, False);
+	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
+	if(setfocus)
+		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
+}
+
+void
+unmanage(Client *c, Bool destroyed) {
+	Monitor *m = c->mon;
+	XWindowChanges wc;
+
+	/* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
+	detach(c);
+	detachstack(c);
+	if(!destroyed) {
+		wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
+		XGrabServer(dpy);
+		XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
+		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
+		XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
+		setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
+		XSync(dpy, False);
+		XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
+		XUngrabServer(dpy);
+	}
+	free(c);
+	focus(NULL);
+	arrange(m);
+}
+
+void
+unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
+	Client *c;
+	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
+
+	if((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
+		if(ev->send_event)
+			setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
+		else
+			unmanage(c, False);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+updatebars(void) {
+	Monitor *m;
+	XSetWindowAttributes wa = {
+		.override_redirect = True,
+		.background_pixmap = ParentRelative,
+		.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask
+	};
+	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
+		m->barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
+		                          CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
+		                          CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
+		XDefineCursor(dpy, m->barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
+		XMapRaised(dpy, m->barwin);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+updatebarpos(Monitor *m) {
+	m->wy = m->my;
+	m->wh = m->mh;
+	if(m->showbar) {
+		m->wh -= bh;
+		m->by = m->topbar ? m->wy : m->wy + m->wh;
+		m->wy = m->topbar ? m->wy + bh : m->wy;
+	}
+	else
+		m->by = -bh;
+}
+
+Bool
+updategeom(void) {
+	Bool dirty = False;
+
+#ifdef XINERAMA
+	if(XineramaIsActive(dpy)) {
+		int i, j, n, nn;
+		Client *c;
+		Monitor *m;
+		XineramaScreenInfo *info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &nn);
+		XineramaScreenInfo *unique = NULL;
+
+		for(n = 0, m = mons; m; m = m->next, n++);
+		/* only consider unique geometries as separate screens */
+		if(!(unique = (XineramaScreenInfo *)malloc(sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo) * nn)))
+			die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo) * nn);
+		for(i = 0, j = 0; i < nn; i++)
+			if(isuniquegeom(unique, j, &info[i]))
+				memcpy(&unique[j++], &info[i], sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo));
+		XFree(info);
+		nn = j;
+		if(n <= nn) {
+			for(i = 0; i < (nn - n); i++) { /* new monitors available */
+				for(m = mons; m && m->next; m = m->next);
+				if(m)
+					m->next = createmon();
+				else
+					mons = createmon();
+			}
+			for(i = 0, m = mons; i < nn && m; m = m->next, i++)
+				if(i >= n
+				|| (unique[i].x_org != m->mx || unique[i].y_org != m->my
+				    || unique[i].width != m->mw || unique[i].height != m->mh))
+				{
+					dirty = True;
+					m->num = i;
+					m->mx = m->wx = unique[i].x_org;
+					m->my = m->wy = unique[i].y_org;
+					m->mw = m->ww = unique[i].width;
+					m->mh = m->wh = unique[i].height;
+					updatebarpos(m);
+				}
+		}
+		else { /* less monitors available nn < n */
+			for(i = nn; i < n; i++) {
+				for(m = mons; m && m->next; m = m->next);
+				while(m->clients) {
+					dirty = True;
+					c = m->clients;
+					m->clients = c->next;
+					detachstack(c);
+					c->mon = mons;
+					attach(c);
+					attachstack(c);
+				}
+				if(m == selmon)
+					selmon = mons;
+				cleanupmon(m);
+			}
+		}
+		free(unique);
+	}
+	else
+#endif /* XINERAMA */
+	/* default monitor setup */
+	{
+		if(!mons)
+			mons = createmon();
+		if(mons->mw != sw || mons->mh != sh) {
+			dirty = True;
+			mons->mw = mons->ww = sw;
+			mons->mh = mons->wh = sh;
+			updatebarpos(mons);
+		}
+	}
+	if(dirty) {
+		selmon = mons;
+		selmon = wintomon(root);
+	}
+	return dirty;
+}
+
+void
+updatenumlockmask(void) {
+	unsigned int i, j;
+	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
+
+	numlockmask = 0;
+	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
+	for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
+		for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++)
+			if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
+			   == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
+				numlockmask = (1 << i);
+	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
+}
+
+void
+updatesizehints(Client *c) {
+	long msize;
+	XSizeHints size;
+
+	if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize))
+		/* size is uninitialized, ensure that size.flags aren't used */
+		size.flags = PSize;
+	if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
+		c->basew = size.base_width;
+		c->baseh = size.base_height;
+	}
+	else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
+		c->basew = size.min_width;
+		c->baseh = size.min_height;
+	}
+	else
+		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
+	if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
+		c->incw = size.width_inc;
+		c->inch = size.height_inc;
+	}
+	else
+		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
+	if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
+		c->maxw = size.max_width;
+		c->maxh = size.max_height;
+	}
+	else
+		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
+	if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
+		c->minw = size.min_width;
+		c->minh = size.min_height;
+	}
+	else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
+		c->minw = size.base_width;
+		c->minh = size.base_height;
+	}
+	else
+		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
+	if(size.flags & PAspect) {
+		c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / size.min_aspect.x;
+		c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / size.max_aspect.y;
+	}
+	else
+		c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
+	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
+	             && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
+}
+
+void
+updatetitle(Client *c) {
+	if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
+		gettextprop(c->win, XA_WM_NAME, c->name, sizeof c->name);
+	if(c->name[0] == '\0') /* hack to mark broken clients */
+		strcpy(c->name, broken);
+}
+
+void
+updatestatus(void) {
+	if(!gettextprop(root, XA_WM_NAME, stext, sizeof(stext)))
+		strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
+	drawbar(selmon);
+}
+
+void
+updatewindowtype(Client *c) {
+	Atom state = getatomprop(c, netatom[NetWMState]);
+	Atom wtype = getatomprop(c, netatom[NetWMWindowType]);
+
+	if(state == netatom[NetWMFullscreen])
+		setfullscreen(c, True);
+
+	if(wtype == netatom[NetWMWindowTypeDialog])
+		c->isfloating = True;
+}
+
+void
+updatewmhints(Client *c) {
+	XWMHints *wmh;
+
+	if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
+		if(c == selmon->sel && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
+			wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
+			XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
+		}
+		else
+			c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
+		if(wmh->flags & InputHint)
+			c->neverfocus = !wmh->input;
+		else
+			c->neverfocus = False;
+		XFree(wmh);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+view(const Arg *arg) {
+	if((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags])
+		return;
+	selmon->seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
+	if(arg->ui & TAGMASK)
+		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
+	focus(NULL);
+	arrange(selmon);
+}
+
+Client *
+wintoclient(Window w) {
+	Client *c;
+	Monitor *m;
+
+	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
+		for(c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
+			if(c->win == w)
+				return c;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+Monitor *
+wintomon(Window w) {
+	int x, y;
+	Client *c;
+	Monitor *m;
+
+	if(w == root && getrootptr(&x, &y))
+		return recttomon(x, y, 1, 1);
+	for(m = mons; m; m = m->next)
+		if(w == m->barwin)
+			return m;
+	if((c = wintoclient(w)))
+		return c->mon;
+	return selmon;
+}
+
+/* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
+ * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
+ * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
+int
+xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
+	if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
+	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
+	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
+	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
+	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
+	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
+	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
+	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
+	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
+		return 0;
+	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
+			ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
+	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
+}
+
+int
+xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
+ * is already running. */
+int
+xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
+	die("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
+	return -1;
+}
+
+void
+zoom(const Arg *arg) {
+	Client *c = selmon->sel;
+
+	if(!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
+	|| (selmon->sel && selmon->sel->isfloating))
+		return;
+	if(c == nexttiled(selmon->clients))
+		if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
+			return;
+	pop(c);
+}
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+	if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
+		die("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2011 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
+	else if(argc != 1)
+		die("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
+	if(!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
+		fputs("warning: no locale support\n", stderr);
+	if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
+		die("dwm: cannot open display\n");
+	checkotherwm();
+	setup();
+	scan();
+	run();
+	cleanup();
+	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
+	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}